Note: Single-source report; awaiting corroboration.
The United Nations General Assembly has adopted a resolution endorsing the International Court of Justice's advisory opinion on states' obligations to protect the environment from greenhouse gas emissions. The resolution was supported by 141 votes, with eight against and 28 abstentions. Those opposed included Belarus, Iran, Israel, Liberia, Russia, Saudi Arabia, the United States, and Yemen. The resolution aims to reinforce the legal duty to address the climate crisis, stating that it is not only a political choice but also a matter of international law.
According to the 2025 ICJ ruling, states must prevent environmental harm from greenhouse gas emissions. Breaching these obligations may entail legal responsibility, including requirements to stop wrongful conduct, provide guarantees of non-repetition, and offer reparations depending on circumstances. Although the Court's advisory opinions are non-binding, they carry significant legal and moral weight in clarifying international law and state responsibilities.
The General Assembly resolution calls on all UN Member States to take all possible measures to avoid significant climate and environmental damage, including emissions produced within their territories. It encourages states to meet their Paris Agreement commitments and to cooperate in good faith to coordinate global climate efforts. The resolution also emphasizes the need to protect fundamental rights such as life, health, and an adequate standard of living in climate policies.
UN Secretary-General António Guterres described the resolution as a “powerful affirmation” of international law and climate justice. He noted that those least responsible for climate change suffer the most, and that climate justice requires a rapid, just, and equitable shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy. Guterres highlighted that renewables are the most cost-effective and secure form of energy, aligning with the resolution's goals.